Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that usually affects the spine. It is a form of arthritis that is more likely to develop in men than in women. Ankylosing spondylitis can also affect the knees, hips, shoulders, and other joints. Symptoms of the disease may begin with back pain and stiffness. Ankylosing spondylitis can also cause health problems involving the eyes. Treatment for the disease often involves physical therapy, exercise, and medications to help manage its symptoms and slow its progression. Although ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic disease, most people with the condition remain gainfully employed. It is uncommon for ankylosing spondylitis to shorten a person's lifespan.